Comparison of test fields with external infrastructure for automated and autonomous driving

Problems in the transportation segment are accidents, increasing bad traffic flow and pollution. The intelligent transportation system using external infrastructure (ITS) can tackle these problems. To the best of our knowledge, there exists no current systematic review of the existing solutions. To fill this knowledge gap, this paper provides an overview about existing ITS which use external infrastructure. Furthermore, this paper discovers the currently not adequately answered research questions. For this reason, we performed a literature review to documents, which describes existing ITS solutions since 2009 until today. We categorized the results according to technology level and analyzed their properties. Thereby, we made the ITS solutions comparable and highlighted the past development as well as the current trends. According to the mentioned method, we analyzed more than 346 papers, which includes 40 test bed projects. In summary, the current ITS can deliver accurate information about individuals in traffic situations in real-time. However, further research in ITS should focus on more reliable perception of the traffic using modern sensors, plug and play mechanism as well as secure real-time distribution in decentralized manner for a high amount of data. By addressing these topics, the development of intelligent transportation systems is in a correction direction for the comprehensive roll-out.

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